Mustard seeds are a rich source of oil and protein. The seed has oil as high as 46-48%, and the whole seed meal has 43.6% protein.Mustard's nutritional profile boasts a plentiful supply of essential minerals including calcium, iron, manganese, phosphorus and zinc. In addition to being a very good source of omega-3 fatty acids it also supplies tyryptophan, phosphorus, iron and protein. Mustard seeds are also a very good source of selenium.

Mustard seeds, both white and brown, are nearly globular in shape, finely pitted, odourless when whole, and pungent-tasting. Mustard, known as moutarde in French, is most commonly known as a prepared condiment sold in jars or bottles. This spreadable product is a mixture of dried mustard seeds (whole or ground into a powder), water, vinegar, or other liquids. The mixture is blended until smooth and spreadable.